There’s a few ways. If you’re loading the site’s default index template for these requests, you should be able to do this with Strict URLs turned off. You can see if it works dynamically, or load the channel entry based on segment_1. Or you can use the Pages module and set any URI you want for an entry. Or you can use .htaccess to rewrite certain requests behind the scenes, so that /location really loads /template/location but doesn’t redirect.
Thank you for the response, Kevin! I’m taking the Strict URLs off route. I do have a question about the way EE routes URLs though: if we type in domain.com/anything and there’s no corresponding template group or template, does it always go through the specified index template? This seems to be how things work but I just want to make sure.