This should be fairly easy to accomplish in v1.1 (you could do it in 1.0, but it would require more effort). General approach in 1.1 would be:
1. Let’s say you set up your specific “category” RSS Template. You have it at http://www.example.com/index.php/feeds/categoryrss/.
2. Inside that Template you would use something like this:
{exp:weblog:entries weblog="weblog1" orderby="date" sort="desc" limit="7" category="{segment_3}"}
That will dynamically pull the category value from the URL.
3. On your Template that displays the categories you’ll have your button for “RSS for this category” or something. When you make the link you need to append the category ID to the end of the link.
What you use will depend on the exact syntax available in 1.1, but the general idea would be to do something like this:
<a href="{path=feeds/categoryrss}{category_id)">RSS for this category</a>
So… every category page would have a unique URL to the RSS template that included it’s category ID. The RSS Template would just pull that ID out and use it to restrict the display.